eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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2/2024
vol. 49
 
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abstract:
Clinical immunology

The effect of periodontal health and disease on interleukin 1β and nesfatin-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid: A cross-sectional study

Meral Uzunkaya
1
,
Eda Çetin Özdemir
1
,
Hasan Gündoğar
2
,
Ergül Belge Kurutaş
3

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
  2. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
Cent Eur J Immunol 2024; 49 (2): 187-193
Online publish date: 2024/07/10
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Introduction:
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease associated with dental biofilm, poses a significant threat to oral health. This study explores the roles of interleukin 1β (IL -1β) and nesfatin-1 in periodontal diseases, aiming to contribute to the molecular understanding of their pathogenesis.

Material and methods:
A diverse cohort of 62 participants was recruited, spanning ages 20 to 60, and categorized into healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis groups. Clinical measurements, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing, were conducted. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected for IL -1β and nesfatin-1 analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ). Statistical analysis employed Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests.

Results:
Significant differences in oral hygiene habits were observed among groups, particularly in the 40-60 age range. Clinical indices showed variations, with the highest IL -1β levels in the periodontitis group and the lowest nesfatin-1 levels. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between IL -1β, nesfatin-1, and oral indices.

Conclusions:
While providing valuable insights, we acknowledge this study’s limitations, including a cross-sectional design and a specific age range. Future research should employ longitudinal designs and larger cohorts, and explore broader inflammatory markers, genetic influences, and confounding variables for a more comprehensive understanding of periodontal diseases. The findings underscore the complex interplay between inflammatory markers and periodontal health.

keywords:

periodontitis, nesfatin-1, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), interleukin 1β

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