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ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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2/2024
vol. 28
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Evaluation of selected circulating cytokines from the IL-6 family – interleukin 6, oncostatin M, and cardiotrophin-1 – in gastro-entero-pancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine tumours

Janusz Strzelczyk
1
,
Ksenia Janas
1
,
Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
2
,
Elżbieta Chełmecka
3
,
Dariusz Kajdaniuk
4
,
Beata Kos-Kudła
1

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  2. Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  3. Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  4. Department of Pathophysiology, Chair of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2024; 28 (2): 114–120
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2024.142584
Online publish date: 2024/08/23
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Introduction:
The incidence of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) increased over the last years. Most of them are non-functioning, and the course of the disease is asymptomatic for a long time. This results in late diagnosis at an advanced stage. The aim of our study was the evaluation of selected circulating cytokines of interleukin-6 family – interleukin 6 (IL-6), oncostatin M (OSM), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT1) – in NETs.

Material and methods:
The study group comprised 80 patients (56%) in several subgroups, including gastroenteropancreatic (GEPNETs, n = 64, 80%) and bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumours (BPNETs, n = 16; 20%). Serum IL-6, OSM, and CT1 concentrations were tested using ELISA.

Results:
The median concentration of IL-6 was 41.5 pg/ml in the study group and 32.6 pg/ml in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The concentration of OSM was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.001), at 105.6 pg/ml and 115.5 pg/ml, respectively. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in concentration of CT1 in the study group (222.0 pg/ml) and controls (267.2 pg/ml). Our investigation into selected IL-6 family cytokines revealed differential modulation of signal transduction pathways.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that despite utilising a common signalling transducer, individual IL-6 family cytokines exert distinct biological effects on neuroendocrine tumour development. Notably, IL-6 appears to promote tumourigenesis, while OSM and CT1 exhibit inhibitory effects on gastro-entero-pancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine tumour development. Further studies are necessary to validate the diagnostic utility of IL-6 family cytokines in NETs.

keywords:

neuroendocrine tumours, cytokines, IL-6 family, IL-6, OSM, CT1, biomarker, GEPNET, BPNET
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